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해석수준과 대응수준이 기후변화 대응행동 의도에 미치는 영향 심리적 거리의 매개효과와 미래/즉각적 결과고려의 조절효과 중심

The Effects of Construal and Response Levels on Coping Behavioral Intentions against Climate Change The Mediation Effects of Psychological Distance and the Moderation Effects of Consideration of Future/Immediate Consequences(CFC/CIC)

초록/요약

이 연구는 해석수준과 대응수준이 기후변화 대응행동 의도에 미치는 영향에서 심리적 거리의 매개효과와 미래/즉각적 결과고려 변수의 조절 효과를 분석하였다. 선행 연구들이 기후변화와 관련해서 대응행동에 미치는 심리적 거리의 직접적 효과를 검증하였다면, 이 연구는 심리적 거리의 매개효과를 분석해, 해석수준, 심리적 거리 그리고 대응행동 간의 선형적 관계와 이에 영향 미치는 다양한 변인들의 관계를 분석하고자했다. 분석 결과, 메시지의 해석수준과 대응수준은 심리적 거리에 영향을 미치지 못했다. 하지만 즉각적 결과고려의 높고 낮음에 따라 해석수준과 대응수준의 상호작용이 심리적 거리를 매개해서 대응행동 의도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 기후변화를 감소시키기 위한 개인적 노력을 강조하는 메시지를 제시하는 경우, 행동의 즉각적 결과에 관심이 높은 사람들은 낮은 사람들보다 기후변화에 대한 추상적 설명에서 기후변화에 대해 시간, 공간, 사회적 등의 심리적 거리를 멀게 느끼게 하고, 기후변화를 감소시키려는 대응행동 의도가 낮은 것으로 분석되었다. 이러한 결과는 해석수준 이론에서 제시하는 해석수준과 심리적 거리 간의 관계가 기후변화 맥락에서 단선적이지 않고 다양한 변인들 간의 상호작용을 통해 밝혀질 수 있는 관계임을 의미한다. 분석 결과에 근거해서 기후변화에 대한 심리적 거리와 대응행동 의도에 영향을 미치는 변인들 간의 관계를 이론적으로 논의하고 실무적 함의를 제시하였다.

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초록/요약

The purpose of the study is to investigate the effects of construal levels and response levels on coping behavioral intentions against climate change, focusing on the mediating roles of psychological distance and the moderating roles of consideration of future/immediate consequences(CFC/CIC). Previous studies that deal with the climate change issue from the perspective of the construal level theory have focused on investigating the direct relationship between psychological distance and coping behavioral intentions. However, not many studies have explored other influencing variables affecting psychological distance and the mediating role of psychological distance on coping behavioral intentions. This study is different from previous climate change-related studies in that it investigated relationships among various influencing factors increasing coping behavioral intentions against climate change such as who the responsive subject is (i.e. response level), the meditating role of psychological distance, and the moderating role of CFC/CIC. This study posed three research questions as follows: first, are there any differences in coping behavioral intentions by construal levels and response levels? Second, does psychological distance mediate the relationship between independent variables and coping behavioral intentions. Third, does CFC/CIC moderate the relationships in the second research question? To answer these research questions, a 2 (construal level: low vs. high) × 2 (response level: personal vs. societal) between subject factorial design experiment was conducted. Thus, four kinds of messages were produced, and the experiment was carried out through online survey service. A total of 446 respondents participated in the survey experiment from March 12 to March 17 in 2020. According to the results of the study, construal levels and response levels had no significant relationships with psychological distance, but CIC had a moderating effect. Specifically, in the high level of the CIC group, the personal response and high construal condition resulted in more psychological distance as well as lower coping behavioral intentions. Future studies need to verify more concrete relationships between CIC and coping behavioral intentions in the climate change context since it is important to explore factors decreasing coping behavioral intentions as well as increasing the intentions respectively. Finally, the results of this study imply that there may be many other interaction effects related to psychological distance in the context of construal levels and coping behavioral intentions against climate change. Theoretical implications and practical applications were discussed following the research results.

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