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중량물 물류 실태 분석 및 개선 방안에 관한 연구

초록/요약

Abstract Both interest and demand for heavy cargo logistics are increasing and becoming increasingly diverse as the economic scale has expanded and manufacturing activity has increased. Although cargos are moving through maritime or land transportation, there has been insufficient research on the actual condition of heavy cargo logistics. Indeed, a closer look reveals that the definition and even the concept of heavy cargos are not clearly outlined. Dictionaries and research reports provide different definitions, and the types mentioned in the market differ based on perspectives and purposes. In addition, the regulations related to land transportation of heavy cargo focus on the prevention of the danger from road structure preservation and vehicle operation, as well as on the efficient transportation measures through eco-friendly energy saving. As for maritime transportation, the regulations are based on general ship safety and cargo handling. As a result, the practical legislation applicable to the transportation of heavy cargo is limited in scope. Furthermore, in terms of the system related to heavy cargo, each institution classifies motor trucks differently in land transportation, and there is no clear regulation about vehicles. In the case of maritime transportation, the classification criterion is based only on the tonnage of the ship, while a classification by load size or weight has not been implemented. Moreover, in terms of aggregation of cargo transportation performance including heavy cargos, Korea’s current land transportation performance and share ratio face numerous problems. In addition, statistics on maritime heavy cargos and aggregation criteria are insufficient or lacking. In such a situation, a clear definition of heavy cargo through the analysis of actual conditions in Korea, an in-depth analysis of laws and regulations related to heavy cargo logistics, and an empirical analysis of related patterns and transportation status are required. In addition, based on the empirical analysis results, it is necessary propose measures to solve the existing problems. However, currently there is nearly no literature on heavy cargo logistics, and some related studies are limited to the market trends and prospects of the maritime heavy cargo transportation sector as well as to the establishment of suggestions for policy direction for Korean logistics companies to enter the global maritime heavy cargo logistics market. As a result, empirical studies in various fields, such as the status analysis of laws, system, and transportation status of land/maritime heavy cargo logistics, have not been carried out. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to carry out an in-depth analysis of the concepts of heavy cargo, laws, system, heavy cargo logistics pattern, and transportation status. By proposing measures to solve existing problems, this study provides a novel contribution to the scarcely studied field of heavy cargo logistics. The result of regression analysis on the main 7 factors [working conditions, transportation modules, cargo weight, cargo size, transportation frequency, working risk, law/system structure] shows that transportation frequency and law/system structure have a positive effect on the working conditions. It means they recognize working conditions is good when transportation frequency is small and law/system structure are good. Also working conditions has a positive effect on the law/system structure. Further, the result of correlation analysis on the main 7 factors shows that cargo weight variable is highly positive correlated with cargo size. Also, working conditions variable is highly positive correlated with law/system structure. It means cargo weight is relative to cargo size and law/system structure is relative to law/system structure as it is shown in regression analysis. The detailed proposing measures to solve existing problems are summarized as follows. First, it is necessary to establish the concept of heavy cargo in a clear way, as the existing definitions are different . In addition, some glossaries define a heavy cargo as characterized by a weight of more than 2 tons. Such a definition needs to be revised, and definitions for specific cargos such as super heavy and project cargos have to be established. Second, laws and provisions related to land and maritime transportation of heavy cargos must be prepared, as current applicable legislation is insufficient. Specifically, land transportation laws only focus on danger prevention and efficiency issues, while maritime transportation regulations only address general safety and cargo handling. Third, the classification system for heavy cargo transportation should be improved. In the case of land transportation, each government organization classifies the type of motor trucks differently, and there is no clear regulation about heavy cargo. As a result, cargo traffic volume and its classification by motor truck type vary across countries’ institutions, and different situations occur depending on perspectives and purposes. As for maritime transportation, the only classification criterion is based on the tonnage of the ship, disregarding load size or weight. Therefore, an appropriate classification of motor trucks and ships should be conceived according to freight cargos, including heavy ones. Fourth, it is necessary to improve the transportation performance statistics and the aggregate criteria system. Currently, Korea’s land transportation performance and share ratio face numerous problems. The two institutions’ records—the Statistical Yearbook of MLTM by Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs and the Origin/Destination trips by the Korea Transport Institute—illustrate different results, generating confusion. Moreover, there are nearly no or insufficient statistics on heavy cargo transported by sea, and aggregation criteria are missing. Hence, it is necessary to reorganize the institutions that aggregate data to obtain accurate statistics of land/maritime transportation and performance including the status of heavy cargo logistics. Fifth, the management system of heavy cargos should be improved, especially with respect to the administrative procedure system for heavy cargo land transportation. In fact, land transport companies for heavy freights have to undertake illegal measures to make the transportation possible. It takes too much time for them to apply for and obtain the permit, and the Korean system supports such illegal measures. In addition, the illegal transportation of freights exceeding the standard limit of the Road Act is inevitable, because it is not possible to obtain the permit. In addition, it is necessary to establish the management system for the efficiency of heavy cargo logistics. Specifically, the details for the establishment of such a management system are as follows: (1) The government-driven formation of management body for heavy cargo logistics (2) The establishment of a support system (Single Window) that can solve the difficulties of heavy cargo logistics companies at the government single window (3) The systematization of statistical survey on heavy logistics for the utilization as a basic data source for policy. This study focuses on the actual status of heavy cargo logistics. However, there are limitations for the analysis of the status and patterns of heavy cargo transportation, laws, and system. In order to expand the scope of research on heavy cargo logistics in the future, companies’ business performance, achievement, and scale are to be addressed.

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목차

<목 차>

<표> 목차 Ⅲ
Abstract Ⅳ

제1장 서 론 1
제1절 연구의 목적과 범위 1
제2절 논문의 구성 8

제2장 선행 연구의 고찰 9
제1절 중량물 물류에 대한 연구 사례 분석 9
제2절 육상 화물운송에 대한 연구 사례 분석 12
제3절 해상 화물운송에 대한 연구 사례 분석 18
제4절 물류안전에 대한 연구 사례 분석 20

제3장 중량물 물류 현황 분석 24
제1절 중량화물의 개념 24
제2절 중량물 물류 관련 법령 분석 28
제3절 중량물 물류 관련 제도 분석 32
제4절 중량물 물류 패턴 분석 40
제5절 중량물 물류 현황에 대한 실증 분석 45
제6절 중량물 물류의 문제점 분석 60

제4장 중량물 물류 효율화 방안 63
제1절 법령 및 제도 개선 방안 63
제2절 중량물 물류 관리 시스템 개선 방안 66

제5장 결 론 67

참고 문헌 72

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