Anti-cancer effect of doxorubicin is mediated by downregulation of HMG-Co A reductase via inhibition of EGFR/Src pathway
- 주제(기타) Medicine, Research & Experimental
- 주제(기타) Pathology
- 등재 SCIE, SCOPUS
- OA유형 Bronze
- 발행기관 NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
- 발행년도 2019
- 총서유형 Journal
- URI http://www.dcollection.net/handler/ewha/000000161311
- 본문언어 영어
- Published As http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41374-019-0193-1
- PubMed https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30700846
초록/요약
Doxorubicin is a widely used DNA damage-inducing anti-cancer drug. However, its use is limited by its dose-dependent side effects, such as cardiac toxicity. Cholesterol-lowering statin drugs increase the efficacy of some anti-cancer drugs. Cholesterol is important for cell growth and a critical component of lipid rafts, which are plasma membrane microdomains important for cell signaling. 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase (HMG-CR) is a critical enzyme in cholesterol synthesis. Here, we show that doxorubicin downregulated HMG-CR protein levels and thus reduced levels of cholesterol and lipid rafts. Cholesterol addition attenuated doxorubicin-induced cell death, and cholesterol depletion enhanced it. Reduction of HMG-CR activity by simvastatin, a statin that acts as an HMG-CR inhibitor, or by siRNA-mediated HMG-CR knockdown enhanced doxorubicin cytotoxicity. Doxorubicin-induced HMG-CR downregulation was associated with inactivation of the EGFR-Src pathway. Furthermore, a high-cholesterol-diet attenuated the anti-cancer activity of doxorubicin in a tumor xenograft mouse model. In a multivulva model of Caenorhabditis elegans expressing an active-EGFR mutant, doxorubicin decreased hyperplasia more efficiently in the absence than in the presence of cholesterol. These data indicate that EGFR/Src/HMG-CR is a new pathway mediating doxorubicin-induced cell death and that cholesterol control could be combined with doxorubicin treatment to enhance efficacy and thus reduce side effects.
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