The melanocortin-1 receptor reversely regulates the melanin synthesis and migration of melanoma cells via dimerization-induced conformational changes
- 주제(키워드) Dimerization , Melanin synthesis , Melanocortin-1 receptor , Migration , Syndecan-2
- 등재 SCIE, SCOPUS
- 발행기관 Elsevier B.V.
- 발행년도 2019
- 총서유형 Journal
- URI http://www.dcollection.net/handler/ewha/000000162276
- 본문언어 영어
- Published As http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.08.123
- PubMed https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31472961
- 저작권 이화여자대학교 논문은 저작권에 의해 보호받습니다.
초록/요약
We previously reported that the melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R), a key regulator of melanogenesis, regulates cell migration; however, the detailed mechanism remained unknown. Since the homo-dimerization of MC1R by four inter-subunit disulfide bonds is known to be functionally important for melanogenesis, we investigated the importance of MC1R dimerization for cell migration. Unlike the wild-type MC1R, the dimerization-defective mutant MC1R in which four critical Cys residues were replaced with Ala residues (Cys35-267-273-275Ala) significantly inhibited melanin synthesis but enhanced cell migration in human MNT-1 and A375 melanoma cells. This suggests that there may be a reverse correlation between melanin synthesis and cell migration. Interestingly, melanoma cells expressing the dimerization-defective mutant exhibited enhanced expression of the cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan, syndecan-2, and knockdown of syndecan-2 expression decreased the mutant-mediated cell migration. Consistently, ASIP, an antagonist of MC1R, enhanced syndecan-2 expression and cell migration and reversed the α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-mediated inhibition of syndecan-2 expression. Furthermore, α-MSH reduced the cell migration of MNT1 cells expressing wild-type MC1R but not its dimerization-defective mutant. Together, these data strongly suggest that MC1R reversely regulates melanin synthesis and migration via the conformational changes induced by dimerization. © 2019 Elsevier Inc.
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