초록/요약

This study reviews literatures on gender perspectives of climate change over 20 years (2000-2019). Such studies have steadily increased since 2008 and surged in 2019 due to multiple international conventions. Among these, literatures about gender sensitivity are more abundant than are those about gender responsiveness (73% vs. 27%). Likewise, climate change adaptation studies were significantly more frequent in comparison to climate change mitigation studies (83% vs. 17%). Geographically, a majority of studies deal with issues in developing countries in Africa and Southeast Asia. The present study classifies literatures into four categories: climate change adaptation-gender sensitivity (AS), climate change adaptation-gender responsiveness (AR), climate change mitigation-gender sensitivity (MS), and climate change mitigation-gender responsiveness (MR). Analysis shows that vulnerability and inequality are the main subjects of AS studies, while gender differences comprise most MS studies. Educational/financial/technological support is the main subject of both AR and MR studies. However, technical studies are scarce in all categories. To summarize these studies, due to the combination of biological vulnerability and social inequality, women suffer from increased workload under climate change. In many developing countries, women are not given the social rights to overcome these challenges. Although efforts to find political and technical solutions to these issues are underway, many are ineffective; women should actively participate in the effort to achieve gender equality. This review concludes that i) Research on climate change and gender is advancing in line with international conventions. ii) Research on this subject is being actively conducted in many developed countries, but not in South Korea. iii) Gender perspectives on climate change will introduce more effective application of scientific findings to society. It is expected that this review paper works as a catalyst for more scientists to pay attention to gender issues related to the climate change.