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유아기 일상의 실행기능 척도(REEF)의 타당화 연구

A validation study of Ratings of Everyday Executive Functioning(REEF) for preschoolers

초록/요약

본 연구에서는 유아기 일상의 실행기능 척도(Ratings of Everyday Executive Functioning [REEF])의 타당도를 검증하기 위해, 수도권에 거주하는 만 3~5세 유아 및 어머니를 대상으로 모집된 세 가지 표본을 활용하여 구인타당도, 수렴타당도, 공인타당도 및 교차타당도를 확인하였다. 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, REEF 문항에 대한 번역-역번역 및 국문학자의 감수과정을 거치고, 예비조사를 통해 문항의 명확성과 적절성을 확인하였으며, 문항들의 양호도가 확인되어 최종 문항을 확정하였다. 둘째, 구인타당도를 검증하기 위해 탐색적 요인분석을 실시한 결과, 1문항을 제외한 75문항이 적절한 수준의 요인부하량을 보여, 원척도를 개발한 연구와 같이 단일요인이 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 최종 문항 간 신뢰도를 살펴본 결과, 적절한 수준의 신뢰도 계수가 산출되었다. 셋째, 기존에 사용된 실행기능 척도(BRIEF-P) 와 과제를 통해 측정한 실행기능 간의 상관이 유의하여 수렴타당도가 확보되었다. 넷째, 양육행동, 마음이론, 문제행동 및 언어능력과의 상관이 유의하여 공인타당도가 확보되었다. 마지막으로, 새로운 대상에게도 결과가 적용되는지 확인한 결과, 두 문항을 제외한 모든 문항의 요인부하량이 유사하게 나타나, 교차타당도가 확인되었다. 본 연구를 통해 다각적인 측면에서 타당화된 REEF는 유아의 실행기능 측정에 새로운 추가적인 도구로서 추후 유아의 실행기능 연구의 확장 및 활성화에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

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초록/요약

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Ratings of Everyday Executive Functioning (REEF), which was developed for 3-5 years old and validated by Nilsen and colleagues(2017) to evaluate the executive function of preschoolers, and the validity (construct validity, convergent validity, concurrent validity, cross validity) of REEF were examined using three samples of Korean mothers and their children aged 3-5 years. The results of the validity of REEF confirmed through the three samples are summarized as follows: First, after going through the translation-reverse translation and review process by a Korean writer, a preliminary survey was conducted to confirm the clarity and appropriateness of the REEF questions. As a result of the item analysis of REEF, the quality of the items was confirmed, and then the final questions were confirmed. Second, as a result of conducting exploratory factor analysis to examine construct validity, all items except for one item showed an acceptable fit of factor loading, indicating that a single factor was suitable, as in the study that developed the original scale. Third, the correlations between REEF and BRIEF-P, REEF and executive function measured by the execution function performance task were significant, and convergent validity was demonstrated. Fourth, the correlation between mothers’ parenting behavior, preschoolers’ theory of mind, problem behavior and language ability was significant, and concurrent validity was examined. Finally, as a result of cross-validity testing whether the results examined through Study Subject 1 appear the same as the new subject, factor loadings of all items except for the two items were found to be similar. In conclusion, the current study is meaningful in that it provides a new and additional tool for the executive function and REEF validated from various aspects can be used in various ways in the future.

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