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중국 어머니의 놀이신념과 자녀의 놀이 및 학습 간의 관계

The Relationship Between Chinese Mothers’ Play Beliefs and Children’s Play and Learning Activities

초록/요약

본 연구는 중국 어머니의 놀이신념과 가정에서 자녀의 놀이 및 학습 활동의 경향 및 변인에 따른 차이를 알아보고, 변인들 간의 관계를 살펴보는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 이를 위해 중국에 거주하고, 만 3세∼6세 유치원 재원 중인 자녀를 둔 중국인 어머니 208명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 자료분석을 위해 평균과 표준편차, 최대값과 최소값, 빈도와 백분율을 산출하였고, 일원분산분석(ANOVA), Pearson 상관분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과, 첫째 중국 어머니의 놀이신념은 놀이지지 신념이 학습중심 신념보다 높게 나타났다. 변인에 따라서는, 어머니의 연령이 높은 집단이 낮은 집단보다 놀이지지 신념이 높았고, 대학원 졸업 이상인 어머니 집단이 전문대 이하 어머니 집단보다 놀이지지 신념이 높았다. 둘째, 중국 가정에서 자녀의 하루 평균 놀이시간과 학습시간은 비슷한 것으로 나타났으며, 하루 평균 가장 많이 하는 놀이는 가상놀이, 가장 많이 하는 학습 활동은 한자 학습으로 나타났다. 변인에 따라서는, 어머니의 연령이 30대인 집단의 자녀가 20대 어머니 집단의 자녀보다 영어 학습시간이 많았고, 어머니의 교육수준에서 대학원 졸업 이상 어머니 집단의 자녀가 전문대 졸업 이하 어머니 집단의 자녀보다 가정에서 예술 학습, 체육 학습을 많이 한 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 중국 어머니의 놀이지지 신념과 자녀의 놀이 전체는 정적 상관관계가 나타났으며, 어머니의 학습중심 신념과 자녀의 학습 전체 또한 정적 상관관계가 나타났다. 본 연구는 사교육 억제 정책이 실시되고 있는 최근의 중국 사회에서 중국 어머니의 놀이신념, 자녀의 놀이 및 학습 활동의 경향을 개인적 변인에 따라 살펴보고, 이들 간의 관계를 실증적으로 제시했다는 것에 의미가 있다.

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초록/요약

The purpose of this study was to explore the general trends of Chinese mothers’ play beliefs, and children’s play and learning activities at home, to find out their differences according to mothers’ personal background factors, and then to examine the relationships between mothers’ play beliefs and children’s play and learning activities. The online survey was conducted with 208 Chinese mothers who sent their children to kindergarten. For data analysis, average, standard deviation, ceiling value and floor value, frequency and percentage, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson correlation analysis were conducted. The results of this research are as follows. First, Chinese mothers’ play support beliefs were higher than academic focus beliefs. Significant differences were found in mothers’ age and education level: mothers in their thirties had higher beliefs of play support than mothers in their twenties, and graduate school mothers had higher play support beliefs than those who had not graduated from college. Second, it showed that Chinese children had a similar average of play and learning time per day at home. In particular, pretend play and Chinese characters learning activities on average took up most of the time daily. Regarding mothers’ personal background variables, no differences were found in children’s play, but significant differences were found in children’s learning in mothers’ age and education levels. It showed that children whose mothers were in their thirties spent more time on learning English than those whose mothers were in their twenties. Also, children whose mothers with a graduate degree spent much time on learning art and physical education than those whose mothers had a college diploma or less. Third, as a result of examining the correlation between Chinese mothers’ play beliefs and children’s play and learning activities, mothers’ play support beliefs were positively correlated with children’s play, and mothers’ academic focus beliefs were positively correlated with children’s learning. This study is significant in that it not only examined the general trends of Chinese mothers’ play beliefs and children’s play and learning activities in consideration of mother's personal variables, but also discovered empirically the relationship between them, since the Chinese government recently banned personal tutoring.

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