Smart pH-responsive nanomedicines for disease therapy
- 주제(키워드) Endosomal escape , Nanomedicines , pH-responsiveness , Tumor microenvironment
- 등재 SCIE, SCOPUS, KCI등재
- OA유형 All Open Access, Bronze, Green
- 발행기관 Springer
- 발행년도 2022
- 총서유형 Journal
- URI http://www.dcollection.net/handler/ewha/000000193543
- 본문언어 영어
- Published As https://doi.org/10.1007/s40005-022-00573-z
초록/요약
Background: Currently nanomedicines are the focus of attention from researchers and clinicians because of the successes of lipid-nanoparticles-based COVID-19 vaccines. Nanoparticles improve existing treatments by providing a number of advantages including protection of cargo molecules from external stresses, delivery of drugs to target tissues, and sustained drug release. To prevent premature release-related side effects, stable drug loading in nanoformulations is required, but the increased stability of the formulation could also lead to a poor drug-release profile at the target sites. Thus, researchers have exploited differences in a range of properties (e.g., enzyme levels, pH, levels of reduced glutathione, and reactive oxygen species) between non-target and target sites for site-specific release of drugs. Among these environmental stimuli, pH gradients have been widely used to design novel, responsive nanoparticles. Area covered: In this review, we assess drug delivery based on pH-responsive nanoparticles at the levels of tissues (tumor microenvironment, pH ~ 6.5) and of intracellular compartments (endosome and lysosome, pH 4.5–6.5). Upon exposure to these pH stimuli, pH-responsive nanoparticles respond with physicochemical changes to their material structure and surface characteristics. These changes include swelling, dissociation, or surface charge switching, in a manner that favors drug release at the target site (the tumor microenvironment region and the cytosol followed by endosomal escape) rather than the surrounding tissues. Expert opinion: Lastly, we consider the challenges involved in the development of pH-responsive nanomedicines. © 2022, The Author(s) under exclusive licence to The Korean Society of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology.
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