Imperfections are not 0 K: free energy of point defects in crystals
- 등재 SCIE, SCOPUS
- OA유형 All Open Access; Green Open Access; Hybrid Gold Open Access
- 발행기관 Royal Society of Chemistry
- 발행년도 2023
- 총서유형 Journal
- URI http://www.dcollection.net/handler/ewha/000000211448
- 본문언어 영어
- Published As https://doi.org/10.1039/d3cs00432e
- PubMed 37565783
초록/요약
Defects determine many important properties and applications of materials, ranging from doping in semiconductors, to conductivity in mixed ionic-electronic conductors used in batteries, to active sites in catalysts. The theoretical description of defect formation in crystals has evolved substantially over the past century. Advances in supercomputing hardware, and the integration of new computational techniques such as machine learning, provide an opportunity to model longer length and time-scales than previously possible. In this Tutorial Review, we cover the description of free energies for defect formation at finite temperatures, including configurational (structural, electronic, spin) and vibrational terms. We discuss challenges in accounting for metastable defect configurations, progress such as machine learning force fields and thermodynamic integration to directly access entropic contributions, and bottlenecks in going beyond the dilute limit of defect formation. Such developments are necessary to support a new era of accurate defect predictions in computational materials chemistry. © 2023 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
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